7^th International Conference on Clinical and Medical Case Reports November 08-09, 2018 Sydney, Australia

Neurology is a branch of medicine which deals with the diseases of Central & Peripheral nervous system. In other words it includes the diseases & disorders related to brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, autonomic nervous system and neuromuscular junction. The nervous system is a complex, sophisticated system that regulates and coordinates body activities.

Parkinson’s disease- Disorder of the nervous system that effects the movements of the body. It is also known as idiopathic or Primary Parkinsonism. Brain tumor- Caused due to benign or malignant growths in the brain. It is categorized into two types-Primary brain tumor & Secondary brain tumor. Epilepsy-A neurological disorder, in which nerve cell activity in the brain is disturbed causing seizures. Alzheimer’s disease- Progressive disease that destroys memory & several other important mental functions. Multiple sclerosis- Disease in which the immune system destroys the protective covering of the nerves. Symptoms include impairment of speech, numbness, fatigue etc. Neuralgia- Severe pain along the course of nerve, especially in the head and face. Encephalopathy- Disease which alters the structure & functioning of brain. Brain Trauma & Several Other Case Reports Related to Neurology.

Obstetrics and Gynecology is concerned with the care of pregnant woman, her unborn child and the management of diseases specific to women. The specialty combines medicine and surgery.

Gynecology is concerned with the well-being and health of the female reproductive organs and the ability to reproduce. It includes endocrinology, female urology and pelvic malignancy. The specialty spans pediatric and adolescent gynecological problems through to later years.

In obstetrics most women, although pregnant, are otherwise fit and healthy. However, others will have acute or chronic medical problems that complicate their pregnancy and are under the specific care of an obstetrician.

Obstetrics and gynecology is an exciting area. Many new techniques and procedures have been developed over the past 30 years, and transformed the health of women and babies. Improvements in ultrasound have made care of the baby in the womb a central part of the specialty. It is an evolving discipline with many research arms, both at clinical and molecular level.

Dentistry is a branch of medicine which deals with study, diagnosis, prevention & treatment of conditions, diseases & disorders related to Oral cavity & Maxillofacial area. Vincent infection-A painful disease of the mouth characterized by gray ulceration of the mucous membrane, bleeding of gums, foul odor to the breath etc. Oral Cancer- Type of cancer that can develop in any part of the mouth due to abnormal growth of cells. It occurs mostly in people over 40years of age. Dentures- Artificial replacement of one or more teeth, especially false teeth. Sensitivity - Seen when the enamel layer is too thin. It is characterized by severe pain & discomfort in the mouth. Cavities - Permanent damage of teeth which leads to tiny holes. Bleeding gums & Several Other Case Reports related to Dentistry.

The specialty of internal medicine covers a wide range of conditions affecting the internal organs of the body - the heart, the lungs, the liver and gastro-intestinal tract, the kidneys and urinary tract, the brain, spinal column, nerves, muscles and joints. Although some diseases specifically affect individual organs, the majority of common diseases -arteriosclerosis, diabetes, high blood pressure and cancer may affect many internal organs of the body. The internist must then be trained to recognize and manage a broad range of diseases and, with the aging population, many patients with chronic and multiple disorders. It is an all-embracing discipline, concerning itself with all aspects of pathology and all the organ-based specialties.

Pediatrics is the specialty of medical science concerned with the physical, mental, and social health of children from birth to young adulthood. Pediatric care encompasses a broad spectrum of health services ranging from preventive health care to the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic diseases.

Pediatrics is a discipline that deals with biological, social, and environmental influences on the developing child and with the impact of disease and dysfunction on development. Children differ from adults anatomically, physiologically, immunologically, psychologically, developmentally, and metabolically.

Pathology is a branch of medicine which deals with the cause & effects of diseases with laboratory examination of body tissues for forensic purpose.

Anatomical pathology- Medical specialty which is concerned with the diagnosis of a disease depending upon immunological, microscopic, macroscopic & molecular examination of tissues & organs. Surgical pathology- Diagnosis of a disease to determine a treatment plan using a tissue which is taken from a living patient during surgery. Hematopathology- Branch of pathology which deals with diseases related to hematopoietic cells. These cells give rise to all other blood cells. Oral & Maxillofacial pathology- Represents dental specialty which can diagnose & treat problems related to oral & maxillofacial area. Cytopathology- This was founded by Rudolf Virchow in 1858. Deals with the study & diagnosis of diseases on the cellular level. Forensic pathology- Determines the cause of death by examining the corpse. Dermatopathology & Several Other Case Reports on Pathology.

Pulmonology is a field of medicine that focuses specifically on diagnosing and treating disorders of the respiratory system. Subspecialties of pulmonology can include interstitial lung disease- which focuses on lung diseases marked by persistent inflammation and scarring, interventional pulmonology- which employs multidisciplinary care to treat airway disorders, lung cancer, and pleural diseases, lung transplantation, neuromuscular disease- which refers to conditions that occur due to respiratory muscle failure, obstructive lung disease- which involves airway narrowing or obstruction and sleep-disordered breathing.

Radiology Case Reports is one of the exciting and interesting medical courses that makes the use of imaging to distinguish and treat diseases available in the body. Radiology represents a branch of medicine that deals with radiant energy in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. This field can be divided into two broad areas – diagnostic radiology and interventional radiology.

A variety of imaging techniques such as X-ray radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine including positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to diagnose and/or treat diseases. Interventional radiology is the performance of (usually minimally invasive) medical procedures with the guidance of imaging technologies.

Surgery is one of the growing fields and scope of technology consisting of a physical intervention on tissues. Encompasses in several areas such as development a procedure is considered surgical when it involves cutting of a patient's tissues or closure of a previously sustained wound. Five billion people worldwide lack access to safe, affordable surgical and anesthesia care.

The purpose of this session is to contribute to the progress of surgery by providing clinicians and researchers with an educational forum in which to share their personal experience and novel treatments and rare cases encountered by colleagues all over the world from whom contributions are welcomed.

Case reports help in developing of skills and it would be clinically interesting to an international audience of surgeons trainees and researchers in all surgical subspecialties as well as clinicians in related fields

The branch of medicine concerned with the relief of pain and the administration of medication to relieve pain during surgery or other invasive procedures. It is a specialty requiring competency in general medicine, a broad understanding of surgical procedures, and a comprehensive knowledge of clinical obstetrics, chest medicine, neurology, pediatrics, pharmacology, biochemistry, cardiology, and cardiac and respiratory physiology. See also anesthesiologist,.

The scope of anesthesiology includes non-surgery-related pain management; management of painful syndromes; monitoring, restoring, and maintaining hemostasis; teaching cpr; evaluating and applying respiratory therapy.

Clinical Nursing is a branch of nursing with advanced educational preparation and expertise in a specialty area of nursing practice, has a unique APRN (Advance Practice Registered Nurse) role - to improve health care quality.

A Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) is a registered nurse who is recognised as a senior member of staff across all areas of practice but particularly in acute care and demonstrates a higher level of skill in their clinical decision making, especially when it comes to problem identification and solution, and analyzing and interpreting clinical data. Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs) provide direct care to patients in one of a range of specialties, such as pediatrics, geriatrics, emergency care and oncology. CNSs may also serve as consultants, assisting other medical professionals working to improve patient outcomes and influence all levels of care.

The specialty of family medicine is centered on lasting, caring relationships with patients and their families. Family physicians integrate the biological, clinical and behavioral sciences to provide continuing and comprehensive health care. The scope of family medicine encompasses all ages, sexes, each organ system and every disease entity. Read more about the history, scope and definition of family medicine by reviewing the following resources.

Family medicine is a three-dimensional specialty, incorporating (1) knowledge, (2) skill and (3) process. At the center of the process element is the patient-physician relationship with the patient viewed in the context of the family. It is the extent to which this relationship is valued, developed, nurtured and maintained that distinguishes family medicine from all other specialties.

Family physicians integrate the biological, clinical and behavioral sciences to provide continuing and comprehensive health care. Family medicine encompasses all ages, sexes, each organ system and every disease entity. Family physicians also pay special attention to their patients' lives within the context of family and the community.

Primary care is that care provided by physicians specifically trained for and skilled in comprehensive first contact and continuing care for persons with any undiagnosed sign, symptom, or health concern (the "undifferentiated" patient) not limited by problem origin (biological, behavioral, or social), organ system, or diagnosis.

A primary care practice serves as the patient's first point of entry into the health care system and as the continuing focal point for all needed health care services. Primary care practices provide patients with ready access to their own personal physician or to an established back-up physician when the primary physician is not available.

Primary care includes health promotion, disease prevention, health maintenance, counseling, patient education, diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic illnesses in a variety of health care settings. Primary care is performed and managed by a personal physician often collaborating with other health professionals, and utilizing consultation or referral as appropriate. Primary care provides patient advocacy in the health care system to accomplish cost-effective care by coordination of health care services. Primary care promotes effective communication with patients and encourages the role of the patient as a partner in health care.

Toxicology is the study of the nature, effects, and detection of poisons (toxins) and the treatment of poisoning.

The connected discipline of toxicology includes the study of the nature and mechanisms of deleterious effects of chemicals on living beings. The study of toxicology as a distinct, yet related, discipline to pharmacology highlights the emphasis of toxicologists in formulating measures aimed at protective public health against exposures associated with toxic materials in food, air and water, as well as hazards that may be related with drugs. 

Hospice Care delineated to give supportive care to people in the final phase of a terminal illness and focus on comfort and quality of life, rather than cure. The objective is to enable patients to be comfortable and free of pain, and this is main hospice advantage, whereas 

Palliative care is an approach that boosts the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem which correlates with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable estimation and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psycho social and spiritual.

Dermatology is a branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the skin, hair, nails, oral cavity and genitals. Sometimes also, cosmetic care and enhancement.

Aesthetic medicine is a broad term that applies to any specialty that involves the process of modifying a patient's physical appearance. Either to enhance a person's face and body, or decrease the risk of certain types of diseases including obesity.

Aesthetic medicine also delves on the assessment and diagnosis of certain conditions that may have change a person's physical appearance such as acne, eczema, allergies, as well as symptoms of hormonal imbalances like excessive hair and weight gain.

Cancer has a diversified nature in relation to the organ specificity. Cancer is a group of more than 100 diseases that develop across time in virtually any of the body’s tissues. Each type of cancer has its unique features; the basic processes that produce cancer are quite similar in all forms of the disease. Organ Specific Cancers are cancers named basing on the location of cancer in the body organ. The various types of cancers include Head & Neck Cancer, Lung Cancer, Skin Cancer, Breast Cancer, Bone Cancers,Ovarian Cancer etc.

Diabetes case reports are in-depth inquiries of an individual, crowd, occasion or public. The data are assembled from a diversity of places by various methods. The case study technique encompasses spotting what happens to, or reconstructing ‘the case history’ of a single participant or group of individuals, i.e., the idiographic approach. Case studies permits an investigator to investigate a topic in far more detailed and minute way. The case study is not itself a research method, but investigators choose methods of data collection and analysis that will generate material suitable for case studies. Most of this evidence is likely to be qualitative but the psychologist might collect numerical data as well and present in various diabetes conference and scientific sessions.

Psychology is the science concerned with behavior, in both human and nonhuman animals. Despite its youth, it is a broad discipline, essentially spanning subject matter from biology to sociology. A psychologist is a professional who evaluates and studies behavior and mental processes. Psychologists have doctoral degrees. They study the intersection of two critical relationships: one between brain function and behavior, and another between the environment and behavior. As scientists, psychologists follow scientific methods, using careful observation, experimentation and analysis. But psychologists also need to be creative in the way they apply scientific findings.

Clinical trials otherwise called clinical research concentrate that take after a pre-characterized plan or convention. Analysts outline clinical trials (Clinical review plans) to answer particular research questions identified with a medicinal item. Clinical trials, especially those taking a gander at new medications, regularly begin after effective creature examines. The most encouraging medicines at that point move into clinical trials.

The word miscellaneous itself defines that it consists of different kinds of matter in it. Here in this aspect the Miscellaneous Case Reports is a collection of individual different case reports filed in the research work or during the treatments. This helps in knowing the best possible strategies of treatment for any physician.

Women’s Health:

Women have unique health issues. And some of the health issues that affect both men and women can affect women differently.

Unique issues include pregnancy, menopause, and conditions of the female organs. Women can have a healthy pregnancy by getting early and regular prenatal care. They should also get recommended breast cancer, cervical cancer, and bone density screenings.

Women and men also have many of the same health problems. But these problems can affect women differently. For example,

• Women are more likely to die following a heart attack than men
• Women are more likely to show signs of depression and anxiety than men
• The effects of sexually transmitted diseases can be more serious in women
• Osteoarthritis affects more women than men
• Women are more likely to have urinary tract problem

This track mainly focuses on the case reports and advancements in treatments filed on this specialization

The branch of Medicine that deals with the anatomy , physiology and diseases of the eye is known as ophthalmology. Ophthalmologists are medically trained to provide patients with total eye care using medical, surgical, and rehabilitative services. In doing so, an ophthalmologist prescribes vision services, including glasses and contact lenses. Due to the increasing incidence and prevalence of eye related disorders such as presbyopia, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy among the aging population and low awareness about the ophthalmic disorders, especially in developing countries. This is primarily due to the lack of awareness amongst rural population about the various ophthalmic disorders such as cataract.

Orthopaedics a branch of medicine concerned with the correction or prevention of deformities, disorders, or injuries of the skeleton and associated structures

Rheumatology is a branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis and therapy of rheumatic diseases. Many of these diseases are now known to be disorders of the immune system. Rheumatology is considered to be the study and practice of medical immunology.